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Centered leadership through the crisis: McKinsey Survey results

Practicing each dimension of the centered-leadership model is linked to higher levels of personal and professional satisfaction.

Leaders who master the art of leading from their core— using several dimensions of the model we call “centered leadership”—are likelier than others to be passionate about their work, effective as leaders, and satisfied with their lives, according to a recent survey of more than 1,000 executives.1

Centered leadership, a leadership model developed by McKinsey over the past five years, comprises five broad dimensions: meaning, or finding your strengths and putting them to work in the service of a purpose that inspires you; positive framing, or adopting a more constructive way to view your world and handle situations, even very difficult ones; connecting, or building stronger support networks and increasing your sense of belonging; engaging, or crossing the line to pursue opportunities you might avoid because of inherent risks or personal fears; and managing energy, or practicing ways to sustain and renew your energy.2

In September 2008, as the financial crisis erupted, we surveyed nearly 2,000 executives—men and women—from around the world on how they use these five dimensions of leadership. We found that using each dimension was associated with higher levels of personal and professional satisfaction.3 The new survey, conducted after one year of economic upheaval, assesses the dimensions taken together and shows that they seem to multiply each other’s effectiveness: respondents’ self-reported passion for their work, their effectiveness as leaders, and their satisfaction in life all increase markedly as they practice more elements of centered leadership (exhibit). In addition, the fact that 81 percent of responses to the 2009 survey came from female leaders in financial services—the hardest-hit industry—suggests that leadership driven by building on one’s strengths, recognizing and using emotions (positive and negative), connectivity, and managing energy works even under the most trying circumstances.

Only five respondents to the survey scored themselves in the top percentiles on all five dimensions of centered leadership. This finding suggests that the vast majority of executives can build greater centered-leadership capabilities. And though we can’t prove cause and effect yet, the strong correlation between those capabilities and effectiveness and happiness of leaders is well worth taking into consideration.

About the Authors

Joanna Barsh is a director in McKinsey’s New York office, and Aaron De Smet is a principal in the Houston office.


The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of their colleague Josephine Mogelof to the research underlying this article and to McKinsey’s ongoing research on centered leadership.

Notes

1 The survey was in the field from July through October 2009 and includes results from 1,147 respondents in the financial-services industry, of whom 81 percent are women.

2 To learn more, see Joanna Barsh, Susie Cranston, and Rebecca A. Craske, “Centered leadership: How talented women thrive,” mckinseyquarterly.com, September 2008.

3 See “How executives put centered leadership into action: McKinsey Global Survey Results,” mckinseyquarterly.com, February 2009.

Recommend (52)
  • 4 JANUARY 2010
    Ayindri Banerjee
    Student
    Simmons School of Management
    Boston, MA USA

    As I was reading through McKinsey’s “centered leadership” model, I couldnt help but try to draw comparisons with the Kouzes and Posner’s 5 explemary principles of leadership...

    .
    Ayindri Banerjee
    Student
    Simmons School of Management
    Boston, MA USA

    As I was reading through McKinsey’s “centered leadership” model, I couldnt help but try to draw comparisons with the Kouzes and Posner’s 5 explemary principles of leadership—model the way, inspire a shared vision, challenge the process, enable other’s to act, and encourage the heart. Why do we need yet another model of leadership?

    .
  • 24 OCTOBER 2009
    Susan Wright-Boucher
    Regional Director
    Manpower
    Vancouver, BC Canada

    I would love to hear anyone’s thoughts on how (or if) curiosity and resilience fit into this leadership model....

    .
    Susan Wright-Boucher
    Regional Director
    Manpower
    Vancouver, BC Canada

    I would love to hear anyone’s thoughts on how (or if) curiosity and resilience fit into this leadership model. What I have learned through this economic downturn is that these are critical qualities to search out when identifying current and emerging leaders in my business.

    .
  • 22 OCTOBER 2009
    Spring Zheng
    Founder
    SpringMagicLife.com
    New York, NY USA

    ...this model misses some components exclusive to leaders, especially the relationship role of leaders to their followers, including directing, inspiring, and developing people...

    .
    Spring Zheng
    Founder
    SpringMagicLife.com
    New York, NY USA

    The model is interesting and has some similarity to the models we use in coaching, the latter are more holistic and complete. The centered leadership model concept focuses on the life side instead of the leadership attributes side, so it could apply to anyone, not just leaders. That’s why this model misses some components exclusive to leaders, especially the relationship role of leaders to their followers, including directing, inspiring, and developing people. Even though this part is missing, I am still very glad to see that the centered leadership model has some pioneering effect by introducing life core into leadership. So the brighter near future for leadership is to combine both life core and leadership-specific attributes together to create a more meaningful model.

    .
  • 21 OCTOBER 2009
    Peter Hislop
    Executive Coach
    The Hislop Group
    Australia

    If we are to learn significant lessons from the recent events we need a different approach to leadership. Unfortunately we may need different leaders...

    .
    Peter Hislop
    Executive Coach
    The Hislop Group
    Australia

    If we are to learn significant lessons from the recent events we need a different approach to leadership. Unfortunately we may need different leaders, because leaders facing the future will need as Joan McClusky says the ability to weigh the personal cost of their leadership decisions, we need people who understand the gravity of their role, who are able to take large steps, not retreat to the middle, to consensus, for we have seen what happens then. We cant create leaders any more, we must support them as they accept the responsibility of leadership in a world governed by complexity and ambiguity. No five or ten characteristics of leadership handed out package-like to aspiring leaders will in any way either select the elite leaders we need, or equip them. As an executive coach, let me tell you, leaders are those will step up because they understand they have to and they are willing to pay the cost.

    .
  • 21 OCTOBER 2009
    Vikram Venkateswaran
    Manager
    CSC
    India

    ...I am delighted to note that most leaders recognise the need for leadership based on the parameters suggested by McKinsey. But the real test is whether the lessons learnt during the crisis will be forgotten soon afterwards.

    .
    Vikram Venkateswaran
    Manager
    CSC
    India

    This is a very intriguing insight into leadership during a crisis. Often tough situations can be mitigated by centered leadership, while even mild situations can go out of control without them. I am delighted to note that most leaders recognise the need for leadership based on the parameters suggested by McKinsey. But the real test is whether the lessons learnt during the crisis will be forgotten soon afterwards.

    .
  • 21 OCTOBER 2009
    Julie Moseley
    Consultant
    KMC
    UK

    Surely asking leaders to self certify on these dimensions is subjective to say the least....

    .
    Julie Moseley
    Consultant
    KMC
    UK

    Surely asking leaders to self certify on these dimensions is subjective to say the least. Being ‘self satisfied’ is not an obejctive marker of effective leadership. A more reliable set of data would include externally observed criterion. Whilst the leadership issue seems set to remain woolly and contingent upon a range of random circumstances, at least for those of us reading the ‘research,’ we might be able to momentarily suspend disbelief in the ‘pop psych.’ Less Oprah and more gravitas, please, McKinsey.

    .
  • 21 OCTOBER 2009
    Asheesh Chopra
    Asst. Vice President
    TCS
    Chennai, India

    ...To me this all seems connected to the dimension of “meaning”—finding one’s core and alligning life accordingly.

    .
    Asheesh Chopra
    Asst. Vice President
    TCS
    Chennai, India

    It is not difficult to see the connection between practicing this and enhanced positivity, connecting better with people, more sure to take on the unexplored, and amidst all this, conserving energy not only because of reduced negativity but a striking of the reservoir of energy within. To me this all seems connected to the dimension of “meaning”—finding one’s core and alligning life accordingly.

    .
  • 21 OCTOBER 2009
    Don Porritt
    Senior Research Director
    Taverner Research
    NSW Australia

    If you rely solely on self ratings of things like passion for leadership, leadership success, and life satisfaction, it is hardly surprising that these are highly correlated...

    .
    Don Porritt
    Senior Research Director
    Taverner Research
    NSW Australia

    If you rely solely on self ratings of things like passion for leadership, leadership success, and life satisfaction, it is hardly surprising that these are highly correlated—in general people who are more likely to say one nice thing about themselves are more likely to say other nice things about themselves. The real test would be if the self-reported results were related to some independent assessment of leadership skill or success.

    .
    OUR REPLY
    MKQ_response

    The editor responds:

    Mr. Porritt, Thank you for your comments. You‘re right to point out this concern for any survey that relies on self-reported results. Though our results fall well short of proving cause and effect (which we freely admit in the last sentence of the article) we do believe that these correlations—among practicing the tenets of centered leadership and leaders' effectiveness and happiness—are worth considering.

    OUR REPLY
  • 20 OCTOBER 2009
    Joan McClusky
    Writer
    New York, NY USA

    ...I’d be more interested in seeing a survey based on characteristics of leaders such as Winston Churchill in WWII. Such as—How much do you weigh broad versus limited beneficiaries when making decisions?...

    .
    Joan McClusky
    Writer
    New York, NY USA

    There’s something about this survey that smacks of “just how terrific are you and how great is your life as a result?” I’d be more interested in seeing a survey based on characteristics of leaders such as Winston Churchill in WWII. Such as—How much do you weigh broad versus limited beneficiaries when making decisions? How much does your personal concept of integrity weigh in your decisions? How much support do your decisions get across the range of those affected?

    .
  • 17 OCTOBER 2009
    Michael Rogowsky
    Independent consultant
    Hamburg, Germany

    Recent developments in formal logic thinking, as developed in specialised research institutes around the world, make it possible to establish accurate models of enterprise behaviour. Such models may be of great value...

    .
    Michael Rogowsky
    Independent consultant
    Hamburg, Germany

    Management practice requires a performing operational organisation. “Centered leadership”, as you state in your article, is aimed to “put up” such an organisation while considering evolving external impulses. The rough, short term changes coming up due to the crisis may be considered as such impulses.

    I myself am a consultant with strategic organisation experience, and a background of economics and mathematics. Recent developments in formal logic thinking, as developed in specialised research institutes around the world, make it possible to establish accurate models of enterprise behaviour. Such models may be of great value to simulate desirable enterprise behaviour and offer valuable insight to management.

    Therefore, I miss such considerations in your approach.

    .
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